The capital of Mauritania, Nouakchott is a large and modernized city whose name translates to the ‘place of the winds’. Compared to other Mauritania cities, Nouakchott is by far very large and one of the largest and most prominent cities in the Sahara. It is presently the economic and administrative heart of Mauritania. Sitting on Atlantic coast, Nouakchott has an almost empty coastal strip that regularly floods. Its coastline consists of sandy beaches and shifting sandbanks. Areas that are near the harbour are full of quicksand and Nouakchott city is almost covered by sand dunes that advances from the eastern side and is a real problem to the city. However, efforts are underway to try and save some of the areas of the largely flat city like works of Jean Meunier.
Nouakchott is largely spread out and comprises of a few tall buildings with most of the buildings being only one storey. Additionally, the city is used as the interface between the nomadic Mauritanians and their fell urban citizens. Avenue Abdel Nasir is the largest street in the city running all the way from the airport to the city centre. Cinquieme Arrondissement houses the largest shopping area in Nouakchott. The city enjoys the obvious hot and dry climate of Sahara desert comprising of short warm winters and long hot summers. Thanks to its location, the city experiences extremely hot temperatures which makes it less favorable for most tourists escaping hot summers in their own countries.
Just as you would expect, Nouakchott doesn’t largely rely on tourism for its economic development. Key industries in Nouakchott and Mauritania in general include salt, insecticides, cement, carpets, rugs, craft and embroidery products that are sold as exports. The port in the city is also used for exporting copper. Unfortunately, the city is suffering serious shortages of fresh water and the rocks no longer contain vast reservoirs for fresh water. Since the reservoir is not fed by the rain and thus non renewable, the rapid growth of the city might see Nouakchott completely running out of water by 2054. Water is highly expensive for locals especially those living in the shanty sandy towns.
Notable attractions in Nouakchott are such as the beaches, several markets like Nouakchott Silver Market and the Nouakchott Museum in the city. One of the beaches in Nouakchott is solely devoted for fishing boats and locals and visitors can buy a wide range of fish species. The city is also home to National Archives and the National Library. Nouakchott is also the major distribution centre for native Saharan meteorites in Africa.
The city is also home to a large mosque that was devoted to the country by Saudi Arabia and another smaller Moroccan Mosque. Even though Mauritania’s state religion is Islam, Nouakchott is highly diverse religion wise and home to Cathedral of St. Joseph and a Catholic cathedral. Roman Catholic Diocese of Nouakchott is also housed in the city that was founded in 1965. Franco Mauritania Cultural Centre is a great place to catch concerts, movies and exhibits.
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